职称英语综合b概括大意与完成句子题目和译文5

Earthquake

阅读下面的短文，每篇短文后的练习分两部分,第一部分要求从所给的选项里选出所标段落的段落标题;第二部分要求根据文章的内容用所给的选项来完成句子。

Earthquake

Every year earthquakes are responsible for a large number of deaths and a vest amount of destruction in various parts of the world. Most of these damaging earthquakes occur either in a narrow belt which surrounds the Pacific Ocean or in a line which extends from Burma to the Alps in Europe. Some of the destruction is directly caused by the quake itself. An example of this is the collapse of buildings as a result of the quake itself. Other damage results from landslides or major fires which are initiated by the quake.

There are about a million quakes a year. Fortunately， however， not all of them are destructive. The intensity of an earthquake is measured on the Richter Scale， which goes from 0 upward. The highest scale recorded to date is 8.9. Major damage generally occurs from quakes ranging upwards from 6.0.

The actual cause of the quake itself is the breaking of rocks at or below the earth s surface. This is produced by pressure which scientists believe may be due to a number of reasons， two of which are the expansion and contraction of the earth s crust and continental drift.

In order to limit the damage and to prevent some of the suffering resulting from earthquakes， scientists are working on ways to enable accurate prediction. Specire used to help people record， for example， shaking of the earth. Scientists are trying to find methods that will enable them to indicate the exact time， location and size of an earthquake.

Certain phenomena have been observed which are believed to be signs of imminent earthquakes. These include strange behaviors of some animals， the changes in the content of mineral water， etc. The magnetic properties of rocks may also display special pattern before major earthquakes happen.

EXERCISE：

1. Paragraph 2_____.

2. Paragraph 3_____.

3. Paragraph 4_____.

4. Paragraph 5_____.

A Earthquakes forecast

B Historical records of earthquakes

C Intensities of earthquakes

D Cause of earthquakes

E Indications of earthquakes

F Damaging earthquakes

5. Not all damage during an earthquake is caused ____.

6. Not all earthquakes are strong enough ___.

7. Scientists have been working hard to warn people ___.

8. Earthquakes can be predicted by observing ___.

A by the quake itself

B not be prevented

C to cause damage of property and loss of lives

D of a possible earthquake

E the unusual behaviors of some animals

F the strong behaviors of human beings

KEY： C D A E A C D E

the Alps:阿尔卑斯山

landslide:滑坡

the Richter Scale:里氏震级

The highest scale recorded to date is 8.9.迄今为止记录到的最高震级为8.9级。to date ：迄今 为止;到此为止。

答案与题解：

C本段k述在里氏震级表上反映出来的不同震级。

D本段简述了地震的起因。

A本段介绍了科学家为预报地震所做的一些工作。

E本段介绍了震前可能会出现的一些异常情况。

A句中的被动语态…is caused提示可能会跟一个by短语。

C形容词加上enough后面常会跟一个动词不定式,文中第二段也讲到有些地震震级不高， 不会造成重大破坏和伤亡。

D动词warn后面或跟against,或跟of,警告别人将有事情发生。

E动词observing后面应该有一个宾语,故应选一个名词短语。人类的行为变化跟地震并 没f关系，因此F不是正确的选项。

译文：

地震

每年在世界各地，地震都会造成大量人员的伤亡和建筑物的毁坏。这些具有破坏性的地震大 多发生在太平洋周围的一个狭窄的区域内，或者在从缅甸延伸到欧洲的阿尔卑斯山脉的一条直线 上。有些破坏是由地震本身造成的。比如房屋的倒塌就是地震本身引起的。其他损坏则来自于地 震引起的滑坡或大火。

每年大约有100万次地震。然而，幸运的是并非所有的地震都有破坏性。地震的强度按照里 氏震级测定，它从零往上升。迄今为止，记录到的最高震级为8. 9级。大的破坏一般是6.0级以 上的地震造成的。

地震的真实起因是地球表面或内部岩石的断裂。这是由压力所造成的，科学家相信压力的形 成有很多原因，其中的两个原因是地壳的扩张和收缩以及大陆的漂移。

为了减小损害，使人们免受地震之苦,科学家们正寻找精确预测的方法。比如，一些特殊的 仪器被用来记录地球的震动。科学家们正努力寻找办法以便使他们能够指出地震确切的时间、位 置和强度。

人们已观察到了一些现象，认为它们是地震即将到来的标志。它们包括某些动物的奇怪行为、 水里矿物质含量的改变等。大震前岩石的磁性也会呈现出特殊的状态。

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